Kashmir ka sawal baar baar humare saamne aata. Kaee log aisa batane ki koshish karte hai ki Kashmir ka mudda bhi Hindu Muslim ka mamla hai. Algawvadi Muslim hote hai isliye Kashmir me Aatankwaad hai.
Is sab ko agar samajhna hai to thoda hume aazadi ke samay ki or jana hoga.
Jab Bharat aazad hua, us samay Bharat me saikdo riyasate thi. Zyadatar riyasato ko kaha gaya ki aap ya to Bharat me miliye, ya Pakistan me miliye ya to phir aap swatantra bhi reh sakte hai.To zyadatar riyasato ne apna faisla kar liya aur wo Bharat ya Pakistan me mil gae. Do teen riyasato ka mudda reh gaya.
Ek thi Hyderabad, jisme zyada praja Hindu thi aur Raja Musalman. Bharat sarkar ne us samay Hyderabad par military force ko bhej kar Hyderabad ko Bharat me mila liya.
Dusra sawal tha Kashmir ka. Kashmir ki zyada praja Musalman aur waha ka Raja Hari Singh Hindu the. Aise mauqe par Pakistan chahta tha ki Kashmir Pakistan me mil jaae. Maharaja Hari singh ne faisla kiya ki wo na Pakistan me milna chahte hai na Hindustan me milna chahte hai. Wo ek swatantra rajya ke rup me Kashmir ko viksit karna chahte the.
Pakistan ne kabailiyo ke bhes me apni fauj ko bheja aur is fauj ne jab Kashmir par hamla kiya to Raja Harisingh dar gae. Usi samay Kashmir me ek jan party thi, jiska naam tha "National Conference" aur iske neta ka naam tha Sheikh Abdulla. Pakistan ki fauj ke is prakar ke aakraman ke baad Raja HariSingh ne apne doot ko Bharat sarkar ke paas bheja aur nivedan kiya ki we Pakistan ki fauj ko harane ke liye Bharat ki fauj bheje.
Bharat ke saamne jab ye prastav aaya to Bharat ke Pradhan Mantri ne kaha Kashmir to ek swatantra rajya hai aur ek swatantra rajya me ham apni army ko kaise bhej sakte hai? Jab ye baat kahi gai to Sheikh Abdulla ne Pandit Nehru ko nivedan kiya ki "hum Pakistan me nahi milna chahta, kaise bhi kar ke aap apni fauj bhejiye jisse ham Pakistan me na mile".
Kashmir ke Raja aur Bharat sarkar ke bich me ek samjhauta hua wo ye tha ki Kashmir Bharat ke sath milega lekin pura isme vilay nahi hoga. Kashmir ko swayattata (Autonomy) di jaaegi. Aur aisa faisla kiya gaya ki Kashmir ke saare mudde jo hai wo Kashmir ki assembly dekhegi char muddo ko chod kar. Wo char mudde jo Bharat sarkar dekhne wali thi wo ye the:
1.Suraksha
2.Videsh
3. Finance
4. Sanchar (Communications)
Jab Kashmir Bharat me mila, us samay shart ye thi ki Kashmir ke andar bhi Pradhan Mantri hoga, Bharat ka alag Pradhan Mantri hoga. Kashmir me Sadr-e-Riyasat hoga, Bharat ka alag President (Rashtrapati) hoga. Kashmir ka apna constitution hoga, Bharat ka apna constitution hoga. Is shart par Bharat ki fauj Kashmir me gai aur usne do tihai (2/3rd) hisse ko paar kar ke Pakistan ko roka. Ab do tihai Kashmir Bharat ke saath aa gaya aur ek tihai kashmir Pakistan ke saath chala gaya.
Us samay Lord Mountbeten, jo Bharat ke pehle Governer General the, unhe Bharat ko salah di ki hum ye mudda United Nations me le jaaege. United Nations ne kaha ki Kashmir ka Bharat me vilay ya Pakistan me jana iske pehle Jan Mat Sangrah (Referundum) karya jana chahiye. Referundum ke liye jo aadhar tha wo ye tha ki Referundum UN ke guidence me hoga aur uske pehle Pakistan aur Bharat ki fauj Kashmir ko khali kar dege. Kashmir ke logo ko option diya jaaega ki wo apni raae zahir kijiye;
1. Pakistan me milna hai
2. Bharat me rehna hai
3. Swatantra rehna hai
Par chuki referendum ke phele Bharat aur Pakistan ki fauj ko Kashmir khali karna tha in dono sarkaro ne waha se fauj nikalne ke liye inkar kar diya aur Kashmir me kabhi bhi referendum nahi ho paya.
Iske baad jab Kashmir ka do tihai hissa Article 370 ke tahat Bharat ke paas aa gaya. Is waqt Bharat ke sampradaik tatwo (communal forces) ne Bharat sarkar par dabaw lana shuru kiya ki aap Kashmir ki autonomy ko khatm karo. Ye baat jab Bharat sarkar se uthne lag gai to Sheikh Abdulla jo Kashmir ke Pradhan Mantri chun kar aae the, unhe laga ki Bharat Kashmir ki Autonomy ko khatm karega. Is aadhar par unhone China, America jaise desho se baat chit shuru ki. Aur jab unhone baatchit shuru ki to Bharat sarkar ne unhe 17 saal ke liye jail me daal diya.
Sheikh Abdulla Kashmir ke chune hue Pradhan Mantri the aur ek chune hue Pradhan Mantri ko jail me daalne ke baad Kashmir ke logo me ek prakar ka ashantosh paida hua yehi asantosh baad me dhire dhire parivartit ho ke algavwaad ke roop me badalne laga jiska faaeda Pakistan ne bhi uthaya. Pakistan ne is mudde ko dhire dhire hawa di taaki algavwaad mazboot ho. Isi beech Bharat sarkaar ne kabhi bhi kashmir me nishpaksh chunav nahi hone diya aur is karan Kashmir ki janta ko aur bhi asantusht hona pada.
1980 ke dashak ke baad jo Al-Qaeda ke log Afghanistan me the usme se kuch log Kashmir me aa gae, kuch Pakistan ke trained millitants aur aatankwadi bhi Pakistan me aa gae aur Kashmir ke andar ek bahot khatarnaak paristithi paida ho gai. Teen prakar ke aatankwadi; Al-Qaeda wale, Kashmir ke andar ke aur Pakistan ke trained millitant. Aur isi ke saath Bharat ki fauj ki sankhya me badhna bahot badi sankhya me hota raha. To is paristithi me algaowaad ne atankwaad ka rup lena shuru kar diya.
Kashmiriyat (Kashmir ki sabhyata) teen principles par aadharit hai:
Us samay Lord Mountbeten, jo Bharat ke pehle Governer General the, unhe Bharat ko salah di ki hum ye mudda United Nations me le jaaege. United Nations ne kaha ki Kashmir ka Bharat me vilay ya Pakistan me jana iske pehle Jan Mat Sangrah (Referundum) karya jana chahiye. Referundum ke liye jo aadhar tha wo ye tha ki Referundum UN ke guidence me hoga aur uske pehle Pakistan aur Bharat ki fauj Kashmir ko khali kar dege. Kashmir ke logo ko option diya jaaega ki wo apni raae zahir kijiye;
1. Pakistan me milna hai
2. Bharat me rehna hai
3. Swatantra rehna hai
Par chuki referendum ke phele Bharat aur Pakistan ki fauj ko Kashmir khali karna tha in dono sarkaro ne waha se fauj nikalne ke liye inkar kar diya aur Kashmir me kabhi bhi referendum nahi ho paya.
Iske baad jab Kashmir ka do tihai hissa Article 370 ke tahat Bharat ke paas aa gaya. Is waqt Bharat ke sampradaik tatwo (communal forces) ne Bharat sarkar par dabaw lana shuru kiya ki aap Kashmir ki autonomy ko khatm karo. Ye baat jab Bharat sarkar se uthne lag gai to Sheikh Abdulla jo Kashmir ke Pradhan Mantri chun kar aae the, unhe laga ki Bharat Kashmir ki Autonomy ko khatm karega. Is aadhar par unhone China, America jaise desho se baat chit shuru ki. Aur jab unhone baatchit shuru ki to Bharat sarkar ne unhe 17 saal ke liye jail me daal diya.
Sheikh Abdulla Kashmir ke chune hue Pradhan Mantri the aur ek chune hue Pradhan Mantri ko jail me daalne ke baad Kashmir ke logo me ek prakar ka ashantosh paida hua yehi asantosh baad me dhire dhire parivartit ho ke algavwaad ke roop me badalne laga jiska faaeda Pakistan ne bhi uthaya. Pakistan ne is mudde ko dhire dhire hawa di taaki algavwaad mazboot ho. Isi beech Bharat sarkaar ne kabhi bhi kashmir me nishpaksh chunav nahi hone diya aur is karan Kashmir ki janta ko aur bhi asantusht hona pada.
1980 ke dashak ke baad jo Al-Qaeda ke log Afghanistan me the usme se kuch log Kashmir me aa gae, kuch Pakistan ke trained millitants aur aatankwadi bhi Pakistan me aa gae aur Kashmir ke andar ek bahot khatarnaak paristithi paida ho gai. Teen prakar ke aatankwadi; Al-Qaeda wale, Kashmir ke andar ke aur Pakistan ke trained millitant. Aur isi ke saath Bharat ki fauj ki sankhya me badhna bahot badi sankhya me hota raha. To is paristithi me algaowaad ne atankwaad ka rup lena shuru kar diya.
Kashmiriyat (Kashmir ki sabhyata) teen principles par aadharit hai:
1. Vedant
2. Sufi siksha
3. Buddha dharm ke siddhant
Ye teeno ko mila jula kar Kashmiriyat ki baat banti hai. Par 1980 ke dashak me jab waha aatankwaad badhne lag gaya, to aatankwaad ne waha ke Kashmiri Pandito ko kaafi pareshan kiya aur isse dar kar Kashmiri Pandito ko Kashmir ki ghati chod kar Jammu aur dusre pranto me aana pada.
Jaise Kashmiri pandito ne Kashmiri ghati ko choda, waise hi bahot badi sankhya me Musalmano ne bhi ghati ko choda, kyuki waha ki asuraksha bahot bad gai.
Ye jo parivartan hue, iske karan atankwaad bahot bada, Kashmiri Pandito ko bahot taklif hui aur isi ke sath Bharat ne apni faujo ko waha bhejna shuru kar diya.
To Kashmir ki janta do prakar se pareshan: Ek taraf aatankwaad aur dusri taraf Bhartiya Army dwara ek prakar se dusri paristithi ka nirman.
Ab isi bich jab paristithi dhire dhire sudharne lagi to logo ke bich me asha jaagne lag gai aur ye aasha ka nirman hua jab chunav ko swatantra rup se 2002 me karaya gaya.
Aur uske baad se paristithi me aashawaad dikh raha tha ye tab kharab hua jab BJP dwara niyukt waha ke Governer B.K.Sinha ne Amarnath ke mudde ko ek sampradaik mod diya. Jo Amarnath ki yatra sthaniya Musalmano dwara sanyukt rup se ki jaati thi unhone sthaniya Musalmano ke haath se le kar Shrine Board bana diya. Aur phir us jagah ki jungle ki zameen, jo qanoon ke hisab se kisi ko nahi di ja sakti thi, us jungle ki zameen ko unhone Shrine Board ke naam pe hastantrit kar diya. Aur yahi se Kashmir ki janta me ek prakar se nirasha aai. Ye nisht rup se B.K. Sinha dwara ki gai ek shaitani thi, jiske karan Kashmir ka sulajhta hua sawal aaj phir se ulajh gaya hai.
Logo me pehle se asantosh tha aur is Amarnath mudde ke karan ek aur hawa mili hai. Agar hum Kashmir ke logo ko apni azadi se jine ke aur humne aazadi ke samay par jo Article 370 aur autonomy ke jo niyam rakhe the, un niyamo ko hum laae to nisht rup se Jammu Kashmir ki samasya aasani se hal ki ja sakti hai.
Source: Shri Ram Puniyani ke Kashmir par diye gae seminar se liya gaya hai
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